相對來說，oracle中平時我們大多採用dbca圖形化建庫方式，所以手工建庫或許比較有些難度，這個也是ocm考試中需要關注的地方，特別做了測試，主要是9i, 對於10g可宜採用同樣的步驟實現。
1.修改/etc/oratab
oral:/opt/oracle/database:n
2.建立sys口令認證檔案
orapwd file=$oracle_home/dbs/orapworal password=system entries=5
3.設定oracle使用者環境變數例項名
vi .bash_profile
export oracle_sid=oral
export oracle_base=/opt/oracle
export oracle_home=/opt/oracle/database
export path=$path:$oralce_home/bin:.
4.建立目錄
oracle@marvelyu:~/> mkdir -p /opt/oracle/admin/oral/bdump
oracle@marvelyu:~/> mkdir -p /opt/oracle/admin/oral/udump
oracle@marvelyu:~/> mkdir -p /opt/oracle/admin/oral/cdump
oracle@marvelyu:~/> mkdir -p /opt/oracle/admin/oral/adump
5.建立pfile
cd $oracle_home/dbs
cat init.ora |grep -v ^# |grep -v ^$>initoral.ora
修改引數檔案內容,一些關鍵引數修改
*.audit_file_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/oral/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/oral/bdump'
*.compatible='9.2.0.2'
*.control_files='/opt/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl','/opt/oracle/oradata/control02.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/oral/cdump'
*.db_cache_size=80m
*.db_name='oral'
*.global_names=true
*.log_buffer=32768
*.shared_pool_size=3500000
*.undo_management='auto'
*.user_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/oral/udump'
完成後記得create spfile from pfile;來建立spfile檔案。
6.執行建庫指令碼
啟動資料庫到nomount
>sqlplus "/as sysdba"
>stratup nomount pfile='$oracle_home/dbs/initoral.ora'
create database oral
user sys identified by system
user system identified by system
logfile
group 1 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo01.log') size 100m,
group 2 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo02.log') size 100m,
group 3 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo03.log') size 100m
maxlogfiles 5
maxlogmembers 5
maxloghistory 1
maxdatafiles 100
maxinstances 1
character set zhs16gbk
national character set al16utf16
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/system01.dbf' size 325m
extent management local
default temporary tablespace temp
tempfile '/opt/oracle/oradata/temp01.dbf'
size 20m
undo tablespace undotbs
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf'
size 200m autoextend on maxsize unlimited;
7.建立其他系統表空間
create tablespace users logging
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf'
size 25m reuse autoextend on next 1280k maxsize unlimited
extent management local;
create tablespace indx logging
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/indx01.dbf'
size 25m reuse autoextend on next 1280k maxsize unlimited
extent management local;
8.執行建立資料字典指令碼
$oracle_home/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
$oracle_home/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
對於10g,也僅僅是多了個sysaux的檔案:
create database mynewdb
user sys identified by system
user system identified by system
logfile group 1 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo01.log') size 100m,
group 2 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo02.log') size 100m,
group 3 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo03.log') size 100m
maxlogfiles 5
maxlogmembers 5
maxloghistory 1
maxdatafiles 100
maxinstances 1
character set zhs16gbk
national character set al16utf16
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/system01.dbf' size 325m reuse
extent management local
sysaux datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/oral/sysaux01.dbf' size 325m reuse
default tablespace user
default temporary tablespace tempts1
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/temp01.dbf'
size 20m reuse
undo tablespace undotbs
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf'
size 200m reuse autoextend on next 5120k maxsize unlimited;
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