group by 擴充套件函式實現報表的需求

drop table t;

create table t(order_date date,--訂購日期
order_no number,--訂購號
order_book varchar2(10),--訂購書籍
order_fee number,--訂單總金額
order_num number--訂單明細數目
);insert into t
select date '2010-5-1'+level,
trunc(dbms_random.value*1000),
'book1',100*level,level
from dual
connect by level<5;
insert into t
select date '2010-6-1'+level,
trunc(dbms_random.value*1000),
'book2',200*level,level
from dual
connect by level<5;
commit;

根據結果可以看出，對於book1來說，前4行就是標準分組，即*/

select t.order_date

,t.order_no
,t.order_book
,sum(t.order_fee) sum_order_fee
,sum(t.order_num) sum_order_num
from t
group by t.order_book,t.order_date,t.order_no
order by order_book,order_date

/*第5行小計可以看做是group by order_book,然後橫跨order_time,order_no列的小計，所以也就是*/ 

select null

,null
,t.order_book
,sum(t.order_fee) sum_order_fee
,sum(t.order_num) sum_order_num
from t
group by t.order_book
order by order_book

/*根據上面兩點，可以想到組合列分組，rollup(t.order_book,(t.order_date,t.order_no)),排序是order by order_book,order_date

即*/

select t.order_date

,t.order_no
,t.order_book
,sum(t.order_fee) sum_order_fee
,sum(t.order_num) sum_order_num
from t
group by rollup(t.order_book,(t.order_date,t.order_no))
order by t.order_book,t.order_date

/*最後結合grouping_id來分組*/

select t.order_date

,t.order_no
,t.order_book
,sum(t.order_fee) sum_order_fee
,sum(t.order_num) sum_order_num
,grouping_id(t.order_date,t.order_no,t.order_book)
from t
group by rollup(t.order_book,(t.order_date,t.order_no))
order by t.order_book,t.order_date

----------------結合上面的結果，使用decode進行報**式化

select decode(grouping_id(t.order_date,t.order_no,t.order_book),6,order_book||'小計',

7,'合計',
to_char(t.order_date,'yyyy-mm-dd')) order_date
,t.order_no
,decode(grouping_id(t.order_date,t.order_no,t.order_book),0,order_book,
null) rder_book
,sum(t.order_fee) sum_order_fee
,sum(t.order_num) sum_order_num
from t
group by rollup(t.order_book,(t.order_date,t.order_no))
order by t.order_book,t.order_date

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