線性表之鍊錶的實現（一） 單鏈表帶頭結點實現

本文針對單鏈表，總結其相應的常用操作。主要是給出**實現。

common.h

#ifndef common_h

#define common_h
/* 函式結果狀態碼 */
#define true 1
#define false 0
#define ok 1
#define error 0
#define infeasible -1
//#define overflow -2
/* 型別定義 */
typedef int status; // status是函式的型別，其值是函式結果狀態碼
typedef int elemtype; // elemtype是資料型別
#endif

注：以下常用操作介面均為帶頭結點的實現

#ifndef linkedlist_h

#define linkedlist_h
#include "common.h"
#include 
/* 鍊錶節點宣告 */
struct listnode
listnode( elemtype x ) : data(x), next(null) {}
};typedef listnode* linkedlist; // linkedlist是指向型別listnode的指標
linkedlist create_by_head( const elemtype* arr, int n ); // 頭插法 
linkedlist create_by_tail( const elemtype* arr, int n ); // 尾插法
status destroy( linkedlist head ); // 銷毀
status destroy1( linkedlist head ); // 銷毀 - 遞迴實現
status print( linkedlist head ); // 列舉
status print1( linkedlist head ); // 列舉 - 遞迴實現 - 呼叫函式時引數為head->next，避免處理頭結點
status insert_x( linkedlist head, elemtype x, int i ); // 在第i個位置進行插入
elemtype get( linkedlist head, int i ); // 查詢位於第i位的元素
status delete_x( linkedlist head, elemtype x ); // 刪除值為x的元素
status delete_x_i( linkedlist head, int i ); // 刪除位於第i個位置的元素
int get_length( linkedlist head ); // 求單鏈表長度
bool increase( linkedlist head ); // 判斷單鏈表是否非遞減
status move_min( linkedlist head ); // 移動最小值節點， 空間複雜度o(1)
status min_out( linkedlist head ); // 按非遞減順序輸出單鏈表中元素，並釋放節點所佔的儲存空間，空間複雜度o(1)
status exchange( linkedlist head, linkedlist p ); // 交換節點p和p的後繼
#endif

linkedlist create_by_head( const elemtype* arr, int n )

linkedlist head = new listnode();
if( !head )
for( int i = 0; i < n; ++i )
cur->next = head->next;
head->next = cur;
}return head;
}

linkedlist create_by_tail( const elemtype* arr, int n )

linkedlist head = new listnode();
if( !head )
linkedlist tail = head;
for( int i = 0; i < n; ++i )
tail->next = cur;
tail = cur;
}return head;
}

status destroy( linkedlist head )

std::stack
stk;
linkedlist p = head->next;
while( p )
while( !stk.empty() )
return ok;
}

status destroy1( linkedlist head )

return ok;
}

status print( linkedlist head )

linkedlist p = head->next;
while( p )
std::cout
<< std::endl;
return ok;
}

status print1( linkedlist head )

return ok;
}

status insert_x( linkedlist head, elemtype x, int i )

linkedlist p = head->next;
int j =
1; while( p && j < i -
1 ) 
if( p )
cur->next = p->next;
p->next = cur;
return ok;
}else
}

elemtype get( linkedlist head, int i )

linkedlist p = head->next;
int j =
1; while( p && j < i )
if(p)
else
}

status delete_x_i( linkedlist head, int i )

linkedlist pre = head;
linkedlist p = head->next;
int j =
1; while( p && j < i )
if( p )
else
}

status delete_x( linkedlist head, elemtype x )

linkedlist pre = head;
linkedlist p = head->next;
while( p && p->
data
!= x )
if( p )
else
}

int get_length( linkedlist head )

intlength = 0;
linkedlist p = head->next;
while( p )
return
length;
}

bool increase( linkedlist head )

linkedlist pre = head->next; // pre指向第乙個節點
if(!pre)
return
false;
linkedlist p = pre->next;
while( p )
return
true; // 不存在逆序
}

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