celery初級教程七

我們如何使用celery執行一些週期性任務呢？

celery beat是乙個排程器，它可以週期內指定某個worker來執行某個任務。如果我們想週期執行某個任務需要增加beat_schedule配置資訊.

celeryconfig.py配置資訊如下：

roker_url = 'redis:'
celery_result_backend = 'redis:'
celerybeat_schedule = 
}celery_routes = (,
'proj.tasks.upload_file': ,
'proj.tasks.image_process': ,
},# route_for_task,
)

celerybeat_schedule配置每隔5秒執行一次period_task任務, 'every-5-minute'為任務名稱，可自定義。task指定週期執行的任務函式，schedule指定多久執行一次task任務， args為傳遞給任務函式的引數。

tasks.py模組內容如下:

import time

# 建立任務函式

def send_email():

print("正在傳送email....")

time.sleep(5)

print("email傳送完畢!")

def upload_file():

print("正在處理檔案上傳任務....")

time.sleep(3)

print("檔案上傳完畢!")

def image_process():

print("正在處理影象....")

time.sleep(5)

print("影象處理完畢!")

def period_task(a, b):

print("開始週期性任務...")

time.sleep(3)

print("週期性任務執行完畢:%d!" % (a + b))

啟動woker處理週期性任務:

celery -a proj worker --loglevel=info --beat

在命令後面加上--beat,表示啟動週期性任務。

如果我們想指定在某天某時某分某秒執行某個任務，可以執行cron任務, 增加配置資訊如下:

celerybeat_schedule = ,
'add-every-monday-morning': ,
}

crontab編寫的例子:

例子含義

crontab()

每分鐘執行

crontab(minute=0,

hour=0)

execute daily at midnight.

crontab(minute=0,

hour='*/3')

execute every three hours: midnight, 3am, 6am, 9am, noon, 3pm, 6pm, 9pm.

crontab(minute=0,hour='0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21')

same as previous.

crontab(minute='*/15')

execute every 15 minutes.

crontab(day_of_week='sunday')

execute every minute (!) at sundays.

crontab(minute='*',hour='*',day_of_week='sun')

same as previous.

crontab(minute='*/10',hour='3,17,22',day_of_week='thu,fri')

execute every ten minutes, but only between 3-4 am, 5-6 pm, and 10-11 pm on thursdays or fridays.

crontab(minute=0,

hour='*/2,*/3')

execute every even hour, and every hour divisible by three. this means: at every hour except: 1am, 5am, 7am, 11am, 1pm, 5pm, 7pm, 11pm

crontab(minute=0,

hour='*/5')

execute hour divisible by 5. this means that it is triggered at 3pm, not 5pm (since 3pm equals the 24-hour clock value of 「15」, which is divisible by 5).

crontab(minute=0,

hour='*/3,8-17')

execute every hour divisible by 3, and every hour during office hours (8am-5pm).

crontab(0,

0,day_of_month='2')

execute on the second day of every month.

crontab(0,

0,day_of_month='2-30/3')

execute on every even numbered day.

crontab(0,

0,day_of_month='1-7,15-21')

execute on the first and third weeks of the month.

crontab(0,

0,day_of_month='11',month_of_year='5')

execute on the eleventh of may every year.

crontab(0,

0,month_of_year='*/3')

execute on the first month of every quarter.

開啟乙個celery beat服務：

celery -a proj beat

celery需要儲存上次任務執行的時間在資料檔案中，檔案在當前目錄下名字叫celerybeat-schedule. beat需要訪問此檔案：

celery -a proj beat -s /home/celery/var/run/celerybeat-schedule

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