linux通過grep根據關鍵字查詢日誌檔案上下文
1、在標準unix/linux下的grep命令中，通過以下引數控制上下文的顯示：
grep -c 10 keyword catalina.out 顯示file檔案中匹配keyword字串那行以及上下10行
grep -b 10 keyword catalina.out 顯示keyword及前10行
grep -a 10 keyword catalina.out 顯示keyword及後10行
2、查詢的結果比較大時，為了方便定位問題，也可以重定向到檔案中，比如：
grep -c 10 keyword catalina.out > aaa.txt
3、統計包含某個關鍵字的個數
grep -o keyword catalina.out | wc -l
4、如果一行最多乙個關鍵字，可以簡寫為：
grep -c keyword catalina.out
5、檢視grep版本的方法是
grep -v
grep命令詳細說明：
usage: grep [option]… pattern [file]…
search for pattern in each file or standard input.
pattern is, by default, a basic regular expression (bre).
example: grep -i 『hello world』 menu.h main.c
regexp selection and interpretation:
-e, --extended-regexp pattern is an extended regular expression (ere)
-f, --fixed-strings pattern is a set of newline-separated fixed strings
-g, --basic-regexp pattern is a basic regular expression (bre)
-p, --perl-regexp pattern is a perl regular expression
-e, --regexp=pattern use pattern for matching
-f, --file=file obtain pattern from file
-i, --ignore-case ignore case distinctions
-w, --word-regexp force pattern to match only whole words
-x, --line-regexp force pattern to match only whole lines
-z, --null-data a data line ends in 0 byte, not newline
miscellaneous:
-s, --no-messages suppress error messages
-v, --invert-match select non-matching lines
-v, --version display version information and exit
–help display this help text and exit
output control:
-m, --max-count=num stop after num matches
-b, --byte-offset print the byte offset with output lines
-n, --line-number print line number with output lines
–line-buffered flush output on every line
-h, --with-filename print the file name for each match
-h, --no-filename suppress the file name prefix on output
–label=label use label as the standard input file name prefix
-o, --only-matching show only the part of a line matching pattern
-q, --quiet, --silent suppress all normal output
–binary-files=type assume that binary files are type;
type is 『binary』, 『text』, or 『without-match』
-a, --text equivalent to --binary-files=text
-i equivalent to --binary-files=without-match
-d, --directories=action how to handle directories;
action is 『read』, 『recurse』, or 『skip』
-d, --devices=action how to handle devices, fifos and sockets;
action is 『read』 or 『skip』
-r, --recursive like --directories=recurse
-r, --dereference-recursive
likewise, but follow all symlinks
–include=file_pattern
search only files that match file_pattern
–exclude=file_pattern
skip files and directories matching file_pattern
–exclude-from=file skip files matching any file pattern from file
–exclude-dir=pattern directories that match pattern will be skipped.
-l, --files-without-match print only names of files containing no match
-l, --files-with-matches print only names of files containing matches
-c, --count print only a count of matching lines per file
-t, --initial-tab make tabs line up (if needed)
-z, --null print 0 byte after file name
context control:
-b, --before-context=num print num lines of leading context
-a, --after-context=num print num lines of trailing context
-c, --context=num print num lines of output context
-num same as --context=num
–group-separator=sep use sep as a group separator
–no-group-separator use empty string as a group separator
–color[=when],
–colour[=when] use markers to highlight the matching strings;
when is 『always』, 『never』, or 『auto』
-u, --binary do not strip cr characters at eol (msdos/windows)
-u, --unix-byte-offsets report offsets as if crs were not there
(msdos/windows)
『egrep』 means 『grep -e』. 『fgrep』 means 『grep -f』.
direct invocation as either 『egrep』 or 『fgrep』 is deprecated.
when file is -, read standard input. with no file, read . if a command-line
-r is given, - otherwise. if fewer than two files are given, assume -h.
exit status is 0 if any line is selected, 1 otherwise;
if any error occurs and -q is not given, the exit status is 2.
report bugs to: [email protected]
gnu grep home page:
general help using gnu software:
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