git 入門教程之刪除檔案

回憶一下檔案的常見操作,新增檔案,修改檔案,刪除檔案等,新增和修改檔案都單獨討論過,現在我們來研究一下如何刪除檔案.

你可能會說刪除檔案還不簡單啊,直接rm -rf即可,但是這僅僅是本地檔案被刪除了,對於git來說,檔案並沒有被刪除.

還記得我們開篇介紹git時就說過,一切操作皆版本,對於新增是乙個版本,修改也是乙個版本,就連刪除都是乙個版本.

下面讓我們看一下git中如何刪除檔案吧!

# 檢視當前檔案列表

$ ls
file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt newfile.txt test.txt
# 新建待刪除檔案
$ touch delete.txt
# 再次檢視當前檔案列表,確保新建檔案成功
$ ls
delete.txt file2.txt newfile.txt
file1.txt file3.txt test.txt
# 檢視當前檔案狀態: 新檔案 `delete.txt` 還沒被跟蹤
$ git status
on branch master
untracked files:
(use "git add ..." to include in what will be committed)
.ds_store
delete.txt
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
# 新增新檔案 `delete.txt`
$ git add delete.txt
# 檢視檔案狀態: 已新增到暫存區,待提交到版本庫
$ git status
on branch master
changes to be committed:
(use "git reset head ..." to unstage)
new file: delete.txt
untracked files:
(use "git add ..." to include in what will be committed)
.ds_store
# 提交新檔案 `delete.txt`
$ git commit -m "add delete.txt"
[master 7df386a] add delete.txt
1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 delete.txt
# 再次檢視檔案狀態: 已經沒有新檔案 `delete.txt` 的更改資訊
$ git status
on branch master
untracked files:
(use "git add ..." to include in what will be committed)
.ds_store
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
$

# 刪除前檔案列表

$ ls
delete.txt file2.txt newfile.txt
file1.txt file3.txt test.txt
# 刪除剛剛建立的檔案 `delete.txt`
$ rm delete.txt
# 刪除後檔案列表
$ ls
file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt newfile.txt test.txt
# 當前檔案狀態: `delete.txt` 檔案已被刪除,且未新增到暫存區
$ git status
on branch master
changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add/rm ..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout -- ..." to discard changes in working directory)
deleted: delete.txt
untracked files:
(use "git add ..." to include in what will be committed)
.ds_store
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
$

現在我們重點來看第一條建議git add/rm,rm是remove單詞的縮寫,即刪除檔案.

# 刪除檔案

$ git rm delete.txt
rm 'delete.txt'
# 檢視檔案狀態: `delete.txt` 檔案待提交
$ git status
on branch master
changes to be committed:
(use "git reset head ..." to unstage)
deleted: delete.txt
untracked files:
(use "git add ..." to include in what will be committed)
.ds_store
# 提交檔案
$ git commit -m "remove delete.txt"
[master 6298070] remove delete.txt
1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
delete mode 100644 delete.txt
# 再次檢視檔案狀態
$ git status
on branch master
untracked files:
(use "git add ..." to include in what will be committed)
.ds_store
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
$

刪除檔案和新增檔案類似邏輯,git rm刪除檔案後,依然需要git commit提交版本.

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