Xtrabackup單錶匯出和匯入

1、單錶備份

[root@centos7 backup] # innobackupex --include='hellodb_innodb.students' /data/mysql/backup 200308 15:42:17 innobackupex: starting the backup operation important: please check that the backup run completes successfully. at the end of a successful backup run innobackupex prints "completed ok!" .unrecognized character \x01; marked by <-- here after <-- here near column 1 at - line 1374. 200308 15:42:17 connecting to mysql server host: localhost, user: not set, password: not set, port: not set, socket: not set using server version 5.5.56-mariadb innobackupex version 2.4.6 based on mysql server 5.7.13 linux (x86_64) (revision id: 8ec05b7) xtrabackup: uses posix_fadvise( ).xtrabackup: cd to /var/lib/mysql xtrabackup: open files limit requested 0, set to 1024 xtrabackup: using the following innodb configuration: xtrabackup: innodb_data_home_dir = .xtrabackup: innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10m:autoextend xtrabackup: innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./ xtrabackup: innodb_log_files_in_group = 2 xtrabackup: innodb_log_file_size = 5242880 .... ..mysql binlog position: filename 'mariadb-bin.000001', position '245' 200308 15:42:19 [00] writing backup-my.cnf 200308 15:42:19 [00] ...done 200308 15:42:19 [00] writing xtrabackup_info 200308 15:42:19 [00] ...done xtrabackup: transaction log of lsn (1639958) to (1639958) was copied.

200308 15:42:19 completed ok!

2、備份表結構

[root@centos7 ~]
# mysql -e 'show create table hellodb_innodb.students'>/data/scripts/student.sql
[root@centos7 ~]
# cat /data/scripts/student.sql 
table create table
students create table `students`
(\n `stuid`
int(10) unsigned not null auto_increment,\n `name`
varchar(50) not null,\n `age`
tinyint(3) unsigned not null,\n `gender`
enum(
'f','m'
) not null,\n `classid`
tinyint(3) unsigned default null,\n `teacherid`
int(10) unsigned default null,\n primary key (
`stuid`
)\n) engine=innodb auto_increment=27 default charset=utf8

3、刪除表

[root@centos7 ~]
# mysql -e 'drop table hellodb_innodb.students'

4、匯出表

[root@centos7 backup]

[root@centos7 ~]
# vim /data/scripts/student.sql 
create table `students`
(\n `stuid`
int(10) unsigned not null auto_increment,\n `name`
varchar(50) not null,\n `age`
tinyint(3) unsigned not null,\n `gender`
enum(
'f','m'
) not null,\n `classid`
tinyint(3) unsigned default null,\n `teacherid`
int(10) unsigned default null,\n primary key (
`stuid`
)\n) engine=innodb auto_increment=27 default charset=utf8

匯入資料庫中

[root@centos7 ~] # mysql hellodb_innodb pager set to stdout pager set to stdout pager set to stdout pager set to stdout pager set to stdout pager set to stdout pager set to stdout

pager set to stdout

6、在匯入表結構時，會建立預設的表空間（表資料），這裡需要刪除預設的表空間。

[root@centos7 ~] # ll /var/lib/mysql/hellodb_innodb/ | grep students 總用量 856 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 8736 3月 8 16:21 students.frm

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 98304 3月 8 16:21 students.ibd

mariadb [hellodb_innodb]
> alter table students discard tablespace
->
;query ok, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)

[root@centos7 ~]
# ll /var/lib/mysql/hellodb_innodb/ | grep students
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 8736 3月 8 16:21 students.frm

7、複製備份目錄下的相關檔案到資料庫目錄中（無需複製表結構檔案，即students.frm）

[root@centos7 ~] # ls /data/mysql/backup/2020-03-08_15-42-17/hellodb_innodb/ students.cfg students.exp students.frm students.ibd [root@centos7 ~]

# cp /data/mysql/backup/2020-03-08_15-42-17/hellodb_innodb/students. /var/lib/mysql/hellodb_innodb/

8、修改檔案屬性，改為mysql使用者所擁有。

[root@centos7 ~] # chown -r mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql/hellodb_innodb/ [root@centos7 ~] # ll /var/lib/mysql/hellodb_innodb/ | grep students -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 647 3月 8 16:49 students.cfg -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 16384 3月 8 16:49 students.exp -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 8736 3月 8 16:21 students.frm

-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 98304 3月 8 16:49 students.ibd

9、匯入表空間（即資料）

mariadb [hellodb_innodb]
> alter table students import tablespace;

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