C 侯捷 C 物件導向高階開發P1 6

2021-10-06 05:22:58 字數 4026 閱讀 4459

侯捷《c++物件導向開發》——動手實現自己的複數類

#ifndef __complex__


#define __complex__


...#endif
一般情況下，建構函式是要被外界呼叫的，因此不能放在private中，但是有一種設計模式叫做singleton，這個模式將夠著函式放在private中，只允許獲得乙個類例項

class a ;


a& a::getinstance()
不改變資料的內建函式，一定要加const

相同的class的各個objects互為friends(友元),可以直接取得資料

class complex


int func(const complex& param)


private:


double re,im;


};...
tricks

資料在private

傳入資料和返回值reference

類的本體中的這些函式應該要加const的就要加

盡量用建構函式

臨時物件

下面這些函式一定不能以reference作為返回值,因為是全域性函式，而且是生成乙個新的物件，函式結束後物件刪除，若以reference傳遞會找不到這個物件。所以只能以value傳遞，慢點就慢點吧~

inline complex


operator + (const complex& x,const complex& y)


complex& operator +=(


const complex&);


complex& operator -=(


const complex&);


complex& operator *=(


const complex&);


complex& operator /=(


const complex&);


double real (


)const


double imag (


)const


private:


double re, im;


friend complex& __doapl (complex *


,const complex&);


friend complex& __doami (complex *


,const complex&);


friend complex& __doaml (complex *


,const complex&);


friend ostream&


operator <<


(ostream& os,


const complex& x);}


;inline complex&


__doapl (complex* ths,


const complex& r)


inline complex&


complex:


:operator +=(


const complex& r)


inline complex&


__doami (complex* ths,


const complex& r)


inline complex&


complex:


:operator -=(


const complex& r)


inline complex&


__doaml (complex* ths,


const complex& r)


inline complex&


complex:


:operator *=(


const complex& r)


inline


double


imag (


const complex& x)


inline


double


real (


const complex& x)


inline complex


operator +


(const complex& x,


const complex& y)


inline complex


operator +


(const complex& x,


double y)


inline complex


operator +


(double x,


const complex& y)


inline complex


operator -


(const complex& x,


const complex& y)


inline complex


operator -


(const complex& x,


double y)


inline complex


operator -


(double x,


const complex& y)


inline complex


operator *


(const complex& x,


const complex& y)


inline complex


operator *


(const complex& x,


double y)


inline complex


operator *


(double x,


const complex& y)


complex


operator /


(const complex& x,


double y)


inline complex //reference傳遞


operator +


(const complex& x)


inline complex


operator -


(const complex& x)


inline bool


operator ==


(const complex& x,


const complex& y)


inline bool


operator ==


(const complex& x,


double y)


inline bool


operator ==


(double x,


const complex& y)


inline bool


operator !=


(const complex& x,


const complex& y)


inline bool


operator !=


(const complex& x,


double y)


inline bool


operator !=


(double x,


const complex& y)


#include


inline complex


polar (


double r,


double t)


inline complex


conj (


const complex& x)


inline


double


norm (


const complex& x)


inline ostream&


operator <<


(ostream& os,


const complex& x)


#endif


//__mycomplex__
main.cpp

#include


#include


"complex.h"


using namespace std;


intmain()

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