10個Python程式設計小技巧

2a, b = b, a # 實現了對兩個數的交換

a, b

(2, 1)

name =

'jack'
country =
'china'
age =
18# 1. 傳統的字串拼接（很繁雜）
print
("hi, i'm "
+ name +
". i'm from "
+ country +
". and i'm "
+str
(age)
+" years old."
)# 2. 百分號語法
print
("hi, i'm %s. i'm from %s. and i'm %d years old."
%(name, country, age)
)# 3. format函式
print
("hi, i'm {}. i'm from {}. and i'm {} years old."
.format
(name, country, age)
)# print("hi, i'm . yes, i'm !".format(name, country, age)) # 索引0為第乙個引數
# 4. f-string寫法
print
(f"hi, i'm . i'm from . and i'm years old."
)

hi, i'm jack. i'm from china. and i'm 18 years old.

hi, i'm jack. i'm from china. and i'm 18 years old.
hi, i'm jack. i'm from china. and i'm 18 years old.
hi, i'm jack. i'm from china. and i'm 18 years old.

# 傳統寫法

deffibo
(n):
a =0 b =
1 nums =
for _ in
range
(n):
a, b = b, a+b
return nums

for i in fibo(6)

:print
(i)

011235

# 用yield函式

deffibo_y
(n):
a =0 b =
1for _ in
range
(n):
yield a
a, b = b, a+b

for i in fibo_y(6)

:print
(i)

011235

# 傳統寫法

fruit =[,
'pear',,
'orange'
,'banana'
]for i in
range
(len
(fruit)):
fruit[i]
= fruit[i]
.upper(
)

fruit

# 簡潔寫法

fruits =[,
'pear',,
'orange'
,'banana'
]fruits =
[x.upper(
)for x in fruits]

fruits

# 挑選出以『p』字母開頭的元素

fruits =[,
'pear',,
'orange'
,'banana'
]filtered_fruits =
[x for x in fruits if x.startswith(
'p')
]

filtered_fruits

fruits =[,

'pear',,
'orange'
,'banana'
]for i, x in
enumerate
(fruits)
:print
(i, x)

3 orange

4 banana

fruits =[,

'pear',,
'orange'
,'banana'
]for i, x in
enumerate
(reversed
(fruits)):
print
(i, x)

0 banana

1 orange
3 pear

fruits =[,

'pear',,
'orange'
,'banana'
]for i, x in
enumerate
(sorted
(fruits)):
print
(i, x)

2 orange

3 pear

a =

b =c =

c

score =[56

,63,80
,20,100
]s =
['pass'
if x>
60else
'fail'
for x in score]
s

['fail', 'pass', 'pass', 'fail', 'pass']

name =

'jack tim'
first_name, last_name = name.split(
)first_name, last_name

('jack', 'tim')

# 傳統寫法

f =open
('haha.txt'
,'r'
)s = f.read(
)f.close(
)# 不可省略，會占用資源

# with語句

with
open
('haha.txt'
,'r'
)as f:
s = f.read(
)

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