ora 12545連線錯誤解決一例

在遠端客戶端連線rac資料庫時，通過統一的服務名連線時經常會出現ora-12545錯誤。在metalink上查詢了一下，竟是oracle的乙個小bug。

環境：oracle 11g r2 rac資料庫，兩節點。

現象：[oracle@ted35 ~]$sqlplus /nolog

sql*plus: release 11.2.0.1.0 production on 星期五 6月 15 11:57:00 2012

sql> conn www.2cto.comas sysdba;

error:

ora-12545: 因目標主機或物件不存在, 連線失敗

故障分析：用tnsping檢查一下，發現可以ping通，這是因為tnsping只檢查ip位址和埠是否能連通，至於資料庫例項狀態，監聽註冊了哪些服務這些，它是不檢查的。

我們看一下本地資料庫tnsnames的配置：

testrac =

(description =

(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 10.58.12.124)(port = 1521))

(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 10.58.12.125)(port = 1521))

(load_balance = yes)

(connect_data =

(server = dedicated)

(service_name = 10.58.12.124)

(failover_mode =

(type = select)

(method = basic)

(retries = 180)

(delay = 5)))

oracle在文件note:364855.1：rac connection redirected to wrong host/ip ora-12545中進行了描述，並給出了解決方法：修改資料庫中的初始化引數local_listener（注：這種方法在修改初始化引數後，需要重啟監聽，重啟例項）

sql>conn / as sysdba;

connected.

sql> alter system set local_listener = '(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 10.58.12.124)(port = 1521)) 'sid = 'prodb1';

系統已更改。

登入另外乙個節點

sql>conn / as sysdba;

connected.

sql> alter system set local_listener = '(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 10.58.12.125)(port = 1521))' sid = 'prodb2';

系統已更改。

設定之後，再次嘗試連線資料庫：

sql> conn www.2cto.com as sysdba;

connected.

sql> conn www.2cto.com as sysdba;

connected.

修改之後，沒有再次出現同樣的錯誤。

我們也可以通過只修改客戶端hosts檔案的方式，來解決這個問題。

首先在linux主機上修改hosts檔案

root@prodb1 # vi /etc/hosts

#10.58.12.120 prodb1-public # public

10.58.12.124 prodb1 # virtual

23.23.23.120 prodb1-priv # private

10.58.12.121 prodb2-public # public

10.58.12.125 prodb2 # virtual

23.23.23.121 prodb2-priv # private

10.58.12.126 prodb-scan # scan

然後客戶端的tnsnames.ora中的配置如下：

$ more $oracle_home/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora network configuration file: /data/oracle/product/11.2/database/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# generated by oracle configuration tools.

listeners_prodb =

(address_list =

(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 10.58.12.124)(port = 1521))

(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 10.58.12.125)(port = 1521))

)listener_prodb1 =

(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 10.58.12.124)(port = 1521))

listener_prodb2 =

(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 10.58.12.125)(port = 1521))

prodb =

(description =

(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 10.58.12.124)(port = 1521))

(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 10.58.12.125)(port = 1521))

(load_balance = yes)

(connect_data =

(server = dedicated)

(service_name = prodb)

(failover_mode =

(type = select)

(method = basic)

(retries = 180)

(delay = 5)))

)prodb1 =

(description =

(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 10.58.12.124)(port = 1521))

(connect_data =

(server = dedicated)

(service_name = prodb)

(instance_name = prodb1)))

prodb2 =

(description =

(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 10.58.12.125)(port = 1521))

(connect_data =

(server = dedicated)

(service_name = prodb)

(instance_name = prodb2)))

下面嘗試連線遠端rac資料庫：

sql> conn www.2cto.com as sysdba;已連線。

其實在本地hosts檔案中加上rac例項所在伺服器的ip和主機名資訊，就可以避免這個錯誤。

另外注意在rac環境中，任何修改都一定要謹慎。rac 環境一旦安裝好後，主機名就不能隨意修改，除非先刪除節點，修改hostname，再新增節點。還有一點主機名必須和public名一致，這一點也非常重要。

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