scrapy爬取貓眼電影排行榜

做爬蟲的人,一定離不開的乙個框架就是scrapy框架,寫小專案的時候可以用requests模組就能得到結果,但是當爬取的資料量大的時候,就一定要用到框架.

下面先練練手,用scrapy寫乙個爬取貓眼電影的程式,環境配置和scrapy安裝略過

第一步肯定是終端執行建立爬蟲專案和檔案

1

#建立爬蟲專案
2scrapy startproject maoyan
3cd maoyan4#
建立爬蟲檔案
5 scrapy genspider maoyan maoyan.com

然後在產生的items.py資料夾中定義需要爬取的資料結構

1 name =scrapy.field()

2 star =scrapy.field()
3 time = scrapy.field()

之後開啟maoyan.py檔案,編寫爬蟲檔案,記得匯入items.py檔案的maoyanitem類,並例項化

1

import
scrapy
2from ..items import
maoyanitem3​
4class
maoyanspider(scrapy.spider):
5 name = '
maoyan3
'6 allowed_domains = ['
maoyan.com']
7#去掉start_urls變數8​
9#重寫start_requests()方法
10def
start_requests(self):
11for offset in range(0,91,10):
12 url = '
'.format(offset)
13yield scrapy.request(url=url,callback=self.parse)14​
15def
parse(self, response):16#
給items.py中的類:maoyanitem(scrapy.item)例項化
17 item =maoyanitem()18​
19#基準xpath
20 dd_list = response.xpath('')
21#依次遍歷
22for dd in
dd_list:23#
是在給items.py中那些類變數賦值
24 item['
name
'] = dd.xpath('
./a/@title
').get().strip()
25 item['
star
'] = dd.xpath('
.//p[@class="star"]/text()
').get().strip()
26 item['
time
'] = dd.xpath('
.//p[@class="releasetime"]/text()
').get().strip()27​
28#把item物件交給管道檔案處理
29yield item

定義管道檔案pipelines.py,進行持久化儲存

1

class
maoyanpipeline(object):2#
item: 從爬蟲檔案maoyan.py中yield的item資料
3def
process_item(self, item, spider):
4print(item['
name
'],item['
time
'],item['
star'])
5​6return
item7​
8​9import
pymysql
10from .settings import *11​
12#自定義管道 - mysql資料庫
13class
maoyanmysqlpipeline(object):14#
爬蟲專案開始執行時執行此函式
15def
open_spider(self,spider):
16print('
我是open_spider函式輸出')
17#一般用於建立資料庫連線
18 self.db =pymysql.connect(
19 host =mysql_host,
20 user =mysql_user,
21 password =mysql_pwd,
22 database =mysql_db,
23 charset =mysql_char24)
25 self.cursor =self.db.cursor()26​
27def
process_item(self,item,spider):
28 ins = '
insert into filmtab values(%s,%s,%s)'29
#因為execute()的第二個引數為列表
30 l =[
31 item['
name
'],item['
star
'],item['
time']
32]33self.cursor.execute(ins,l)
34self.db.commit()35​
36return
item37​
38#爬蟲專案結束時執行此函式
39def
close_spider(self,spider):
40print('
我是close_spider函式輸出')
41#一般用於斷開資料庫連線
42self.cursor.close()
43 self.db.close()

接下來就是修改配置檔案settings.py

1 user_agent = '

mozilla/5.0
'2 robotstxt_obey =false
3 default_request_headers =
7 item_pipelines =11#
定義mysql相關變數
12 mysql_host = '
127.0.0.1
'13 mysql_user = '
root
'14 mysql_pwd = '
123456
'15 mysql_db = '
maoyandb
'16 mysql_char = '
utf8
'

最後,是建立run.py檔案,然後就可以執行了

1

from scrapy import
cmdline
2 cmdline.execute('
scrapy crawl maoyan
'.split())

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